who can join them in the round of 16, EURO 2020 qualifying rules

Who needs what to go through from EURO 2020 groups: qualifying rules, how many teams qualify, permutations and tiebreakers

Who is through already, who can join them in the round of 16, qualifying rules, tiebreakers and what each team need to reach the round of 16.

Cristiano Ronaldo and Portugal hope to qualify from Group F

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The third set of UEFA EURO 2020 group games began on Sunday as the round of 16 continues to take shape. We explain the permutations, rules and tiebreakers as the knockout stage moves ever closer.

Through to round of 16

Group winners: Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, England, Sweden
Group runners-up: Wales, Denmark, Austria, Croatia, Spain
Best third-placed teams: Switzerland, Ukraine, Czech Republic
Final group position to be confirmed: France

The top two in each group plus the four best third-placed teams advance to the round of 16.
The permutations below are for information only; the official calculations will be made by UEFA after all group games finish according to articles 20 and 21 of the Regulations of the UEFA European Championship. These examples may not cover all potential situations.
Latest standings
Fixtures and results
Last updated: after completion of Group E
Group A
Complete: Italy (9 points, through), Wales (4, through), Switzerland (4, through), Turkey (0)

Switzerland are through as one of the four best third-placed teams.

Group B 
Complete: Belgium (9, through), Denmark (3, through), Finland (3), Russia (3)

Finland finished third and must wait to see if they go through.

Group C
Complete: Netherlands (9, through), Austria (6, through), Ukraine (3, through), North Macedonia (0)

Ukraine are through as one of the four best third-placed teams.

Group D
Complete: England (7, through), Croatia (4, through), Czech Republic (4, through), Scotland (1)

All Schick's goals so far
Czech Republic are through as one of the four best third-placed teams.

Group E
Complete: Sweden (7, through), Spain (5, through), Slovakia (3), Poland (1)

Slovakia are eliminated as they cannot finish as one of the four best third-placed teams.

Group F
Wednesday: Portugal (3) vs France (4, through), Germany (3) vs Hungary (1)

Top Scorer: All Ronaldo's goals so far
France are through and will finish first if they win, or if they draw and Germany do not beat Hungary. If France lose and Hungary win, second place will be decided on overall goal difference.

Germany will go through if they avoid defeat. They will finish first if they win and France do not. Germany will finish third if they draw and France lose, or if both Germany and Portugal lose.

Portugal will go through if they avoid defeat. They will finish first if they win and Germany do not. Portugal will finish fourth if they lose and Germany also lose.

Hungary will go through if they win. If they win and France lose, second place will be decided on overall goal difference. Hungary will finish third if they win and the other game is drawn.

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Round of 16 ties

Saturday 26 June
Wales vs Denmark (18:00, Amsterdam)
Italy vs Austria (21:00, London)

Sunday 27 June
Netherlands vs Czech Republic (18:00, Budapest)
Belgium vs 3A/F (21:00, Seville)

Monday 28 June
Croatia vs Spain (18:00, Copenhagen)
1F vs 3A/C (21:00, Bucharest)

Tuesday 29 June
England vs 2F (18:00, London)
Sweden vs 3B/C (21:00, Glasgow)

All times CET

How ties are broken within groups
If two or more teams in the same group are equal on points on completion of the final tournament group stage, the following criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine their rankings:

a. higher number of points obtained in the matches played among the teams in question
b. superior goal difference resulting from the matches played among the teams in question
c. higher number of goals scored in the matches played among the teams in question
d. if, after having applied criteria a) to c), teams still have an equal ranking, criteria a) to c) are reapplied exclusively to the matches between the remaining teams to determine their final rankings. If this procedure does not lead to a decision, criteria e) to i) apply in the order given to the two or more teams still equal
e. superior goal difference in all group matches
f. higher number of goals scored in all group matches
g. higher number of wins in all group matches
h. lower disciplinary points total based only on yellow and red cards received in all group matches (red card = 3 points, yellow card = 1 point, expulsion for two yellow cards in one match = 3 points)
i. position in the overall European Qualifiers rankings

If two teams which have the same number of points and the same number of goals scored and conceded play their last group match against each other and are still equal at the end of that match, their final rankings are determined by kicks from the penalty mark, provided that no other teams within the group have the same number of points on completion of all group matches. 

How the four best third-placed teams are decided
With reference to article 21.03, the results of the third-placed teams are compared based on their three group stage matches, according to the following criteria:

a. higher number of points
b. superior goal difference
c. higher number of goals scored
d. higher number of wins
e. lower disciplinary points total based only on yellow and red cards received in all group matches (red card = 3 points, yellow card = 1 point, expulsion for two yellow cards in one match = 3 points)
f. position in the overall European Qualifiers rankings 

The objective was to reach the knockout stages of a major final tournament for the first time ever, but realistically Scotland were the lowest seeds in the group and their final position reflected that. Had they taken their chances in the matches against the Czech Republic and England, it might have been a different story.

What were the positives?

The game against England was almost perfect – all it needed was a winning goal. The performance of Billy Gilmour at Wembley was one of the highlights of the campaign and it was unfortunate the Chelsea playmaker was unavailable for the final match at Hampden Park.

Tournament highlight
Undoubtedly, the highlight for me was Gilmour's outstanding performance against England. Standing pitchside doing the Star of the Match interview with him afterwards was a real highlight as the Tartan Army, including his family, sang his name throughout.

England 0-0 Scotland: Gilmour highlights
What the future holds
Scotland will be better for this experience, no doubt, especially if they can convert more of the chances they create. The biggest lesson from this tournament is the need to be clinical when presented with goalscoring opportunities. If they can do that, we won't be waiting another 23 years to see Scotland in a major finals.

Predictions for the rest of EURO 2020
I tipped France to win it at the outset, and while they've been on a slow burner in the group stage, I still think they'll turn up when it matters. Italy were my dark horses and the Azzurri have been the great entertainers so far. No one will want to meet them in the knockout stages.

Once the four best third-placed teams have been determined, article 21.05 of the regulations explains which third-placed team plays in which tie.